A-Z of Islam 1

A-Z of Islam

Dr. Bilal Philips

Allah (God)

Islam is the complete submission and obedience to Allah (God). The name Allah (God) in Islam never refers to Muhammad (pbuh), as many Christians may think; Allah is the personal name of God.

What do Muslims believe about Allah?

1. He is the one God, Who has no partner.

2. Nothing is like Him. He is the Creator, not created, nor a part of His creation.

3. He is All-Powerful, absolutely Just.

4. There is no other entity in the entire universe worthy of worship besides Him.

5. He is First, Last, and Everlasting; He was when nothing was, and will be when nothing else

remains.

6. He is the All-Knowing, and All-Merciful,the Supreme, the Sovereign.

7. It is only He Who is capable of granting life to anything.

8. He sent His Messengers (peace be upon them) to guide all of mankind.

9. He sent Muhammad (pbuh) as the last Prophet and Messenger for all mankind.

10. His book is the Holy Qur'an, the only authentic revealed book in the world that has been

kept without change.

11. Allah knows what is in our hearts.

These are some of the basic guidelines Muslims follow in their knowledge of God:

1. Eliminate any anthropomorphism (human qualities) from their conception of Allah. His attributes are not like

human attributes, despite similar labels or appellations.

2. Have unwavering faith in exactly what Allah and Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) described Allah to be, no more, no

less.

3. Eradicate any hope or desire of learning or knowing the modality of His names and attributes.

4. Belief totally in all the names and attributes of Allah; one cannot believe in some and disbelieve the others.

5. One cannot accept the names of Allah without their associated attributes, i.e. one cannot say He is Al-Hayy -

'The Living' and then say that He is without life.

6. Similarity in names (or meanings) does not imply similarity in what is being described (referents). As a robotics

arm differs from a human arm, so the "hand" of Allah is nothing like a human hand, His speech is nothing like human

speech, etc.

7. Certain words are ambiguous or vague in their meanings, and thus may be susceptible to misinterpretation. Only

those meanings that are in accordance with what is specified by Allah and His Prophet (pbuh) are acceptable.

Cleanliness

Islam places great emphasis on cleanliness, in both its physical and spiritual aspects. On the physical side, Islam

requires the Muslim to clean his body, his clothes, his house, and the whole community, and he is rewarded by

God for doing so. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said, for example:

"Removing any harm from the road is charity (that will be rewarded by Allah)." [Bukhari]

While people generally consider cleanliness a desirable attribute, Islam insists on it , making it an indispensable

fundamental of the faith. A muslim is required to to be pure morally and spiritually as well as physically. Through

the Qur'an and Sunnah Islam requires the sincere believer to sanitize and purify his entire way of life.

In the Qur'an Allah commends those who are accustomed to cleanliness:

"Allah loves those who turn to Him constantly and He loves those who keep themselves pure and clean." [2: 22]

In Islam the Arabic term for purity is Taharah. Books of Islamic jurisprudence often contain an entire chapter with

Taharah as a heading.

Allah orders the believer to be tidy in appearance:

"Keep your clothes clean." [74:4]

The Qur'an insists that the believer maintain a constant state of purity:

"Believers! When you prepare for prayer wash your faces, and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; rub your

heads (with water) and (wash) your feet up to the ankles. If you are ritually impure bathe your whole body." [5:

6]

Ritual impurity refers to that resulting from sexual release, menstruation and the first forty days after childbirth.

Muslims also use water, not paper or anything else to after eliminating body wastes.

Prophet Muhammad )pbuh) advised the Muslims to appear neat and tidy in private and in public. Once when

returning home from battle he advised his army:

"You are soon going to meet your brothers, so tidy your saddles and clothes. Be distinguished in the eyes of the

people." [Abu Dawud]

On another occasion he said:

"Don't ever come with your hair and beard disheveled like a devil." [Al-Tirmidhi]

And on another:

"Had I not been afraid of overburdening my community, I would have ordered them to brush their teeth for every

prayer." [Bukhari]

Moral hygiene was not ignored, either, for the Prophet (pbuh) encouraged the muslims to make a special prayer

upon seeing themselves in the mirror:

"Allah, You have endowed me with a good form; likewise bless me with an immaculate character and forbid my

face from touching the Hellfire." [Ahmad]

And modesty in dress, for men as well as for women, assists one in maintaining purity of thought.

Being charitable is a way of purifying one's wealth. A Muslim who does not give charity (Sadaqah) and pay the

required annual Zakah, the 2.5% alms-tax, has in effect contaminated his wealth by hoarding that which rightfully

belongs to others:

"Of their wealth take alms so that you may purify and sanctify them." [9: 103]

All the laws and injunctions given by Allah and His Prophet (pbuh) are pure; on the other hand, man-made laws

suffer from the impurities of human bias and other imperfections. Thus any formal law can only be truly just when

it is purified by divine guidance - as elucidated by the Qur'an and the Sunnah - or if it is divinely ordained to begin

with - the Shari'ah.

Muslims Contribution To Science

Astronomy

Muslims have always had a special interest in astronomy. The moon and the sun are of vital importance in the

daily life of every Muslim. By the moon, Muslims determine the beginning and the end of the months in their lunar

calendar. By the sun the Muslims calculate the times for prayer and fasting. It is also by means of astronomy that

Muslims can determine the precise direction of the Qiblah, to face the Ka'bah in Makkah, during prayer. The most

precise solar calendar, superior to the Julian, is the Jilali, devised under the supervision of Umar Khayyam.

The Qur'an contains many references to astronomy.

"The heavens and the earth were ordered rightly, and were made subservient to man, including the sun, the

moon, the stars, and day and night. Every heavenly body moves in an orbit assigned to it by God and never

digresses, making the universe an orderly cosmos whose life and existence, diminution and expansion, are totally

determined by the Creator." [Qur'an 30:22]

These references, and the injunctions to learn, inspired the early Muslim scholars to study the heavens. They

integrated the earlier works of the Indians, Persians and Greeks into a new synthesis. Ptolemy's Almagest (the

title as we know it is Arabic) was translated, studied and criticized. Many new stars were discovered, as we see

in their Arabic names - Algol, Deneb, Betelgeuse, Rigel, Aldebaran. Astronomical tables were compiled, among them

the Toledan tables, which were used by Copernicus, Tycho Brahe and Kepler. Also compiled were almanacs -

another Arabic term. Other terms from Arabic are zenith, nadir, albedo, azimuth.

Muslim astronomers were the first to establish observatories, like the one built at Mugharah by Hulagu, the son of

Genghis Khan, in Persia, and they invented instruments such as the quadrant and astrolabe, which led to

advances not only in astronomy but in oceanic navigation, contributing to the European age of exploration.

Geography

Muslim scholars paid great attention to geography. In fact, the Muslims' great concern for geography originated

with their religion. The Qur'an encourages people to travel throughout the earth to see God's signs and patterns

everywhere. Islam also requires each Muslim to have at least enough knowledge of geography to know the

direction of the Qiblah (the position of the Ka'bah in Makkah) in order to pray five times a day. Muslims were also

used to taking long journeys to conduct trade as well as to make the Hajj and spread their religion. The far-flung

Islamic empire enabled scholar-explorers to compile large amounts of geographical and climatic information from

the Atlantic to the Pacific.

Among the most famous names in the field of geography, even in the West, are Ibn Khaldun and Ibn Batuta,

renowned for their written accounts of their extensive explorations.

In 1166, Al-Idrisi, the well-known Muslim scholar who served the Sicilian court, produced very accurate maps,

including a world map with all the continents and their mountains, rivers and famous cities. Al-Muqdishi was the

first geographer to produce accurate maps in color.

It was, moreover, with the help of Muslim navigators and their inventions that Magellan was able to traverse the

Cape of Good Hope, and Da Gama and Columbus had Muslim navigators on board their ships.

Humanity

Seeking knowledge is obligatory in Islam for every Muslim, man and woman. The main sources of Islam, the Qur'an

and the Sunnah (Prophet Muhammad's traditions), encourage Muslims to seek knowledge and be scholars, since

this is the best way for people to know Allah (God), to appreciate His wondrous creations and be thankful for

them. Muslims were therefore eager to seek knowledge, both religious and secular, and within a few years of

Muhammad's mission, a great civilization sprang up and flourished. The outcome is shown in the spread of Islamic

universities; Al-Zaytunah in Tunis, and Al-Azhar in Cairo go back more than 1,000 years and are the oldest

existing universities in the world. Indeed, they were the models for the first European universities, such as

Bologna, Heidelberg, and the Sorbonne. Even the familiar academic cap and gown originated at Al-Azhar

University.

Muslims made great advances in many different fields, such as geography, physics, chemistry, mathematics,

medicine, pharmacology, architecture, linguistics and astronomy. Algebra and the Arabic numerals were introduced

to the world by Muslim scholars. The astrolabe, the quadrant, and other navigational devices and maps were

developed by Muslim scholars and played an important role in world progress, most notably in Europe's age of

exploration.

Muslim scholars studied the ancient civilations from Greece and Rome to China and India. The works of Aristotle,

Ptolemy, Euclid and others were translated into Arabic. Muslim scholars and scientists then added their own

creative ideas, discoveries and inventions, and finally transmitted this new knowledge to Europe, leading directly

to the Renaissance. Many scientific and medical treatises, having been translated into Latin, were standard text

and reference books as late as the 17th and 18th centuries.

Mathematics

It is interesting to note that Islam so strongly urges mankind to study and explore the universe. For example, the

Holy Qur'an states:

"We (Allah) will show you (mankind) Our signs/patterns in the horizons/universe and in yourselves until you are

convinced that the revelation is the truth." [Qur'an, 14:53]

This invitation to explore and search made Muslims interested in astronomy, mathematics, chemistry, and the

other sciences, and they had a very clear and firm understanding of the correspondences among geometry,

mathematics, and astronomy.

The Muslims invented the symbol for zero (The word "cipher" comes from Arabic sifr), and they organized the

numbers into the decimal system - base 10. Additionally, they invented the symbol to express an unknown

quantity, i.e. variables like x.

The first great Muslim mathematician, Al-Khawarizmi, invented the subject of algebra (al-Jabr), which was further

developed by others, most notably Umar Khayyam. Al-Khawarizmi's work, in Latin translation, brought the Arabic

numerals along with the mathematics to Europe, through Spain. The word "algorithm" is derived from his name.

Muslim mathematicians excelled also in geometry, as can be seen in their graphic arts, and it was the great

Al-Biruni (who excelled also in the fields of natural history, even geology and mineralogy) who established

trigonometry as a distinct branch of mathematics. Other Muslim mathematicians made significant progress in

number theory.

Medicine

In Islam, the human body is a source of appreciation, as it is created by Almighty Allah (God). How it functions,

how to keep it clean and safe, how to prevent diseases from attacking it or cure those diseases, have been

important issues for Muslims.

Prophet Muhammad himself urged people to "take medicines for your diseases", as people at that time were

reluctant to do so. He also said,

"God created no illness, but established for it a cure, except for old age. When the antidote is applied, the patient

will recover with the permission of God."

This was strong motivation to encourage Muslim scientists to explore, develop, and apply empirical laws. Much

attention was given to medicine and public health care. The first hospital was built in Baghdad in 706 AC. The

Muslims also used camel caravans as mobile hospitals, which moved from place to place.

Since the religion did not forbid it, Muslim scholars used human cadavers to study anatomy and physiology and to

help their students understand how the body functions. This empirical study enabled surgery to develop very

quickly.

Al-Razi, known in the West as Rhazes, the famous physician and scientist, (d. 932) was one of the greatest

physicians in the world in the Middle Ages. He stressed empirical observation and clinical medicine and was

unrivaled as a diagnostician. He also wrote a treatise on hygiene in hospitals. Khalaf Abul-Qasim Al-Zahrawi was a

very famous surgeon in the eleventh century, known in Europe for his work, Concessio (Kitab al-Tasrif).

Ibn Sina (d. 1037), better known to the West as Avicenna, was perhaps the greatest physician until the modern

era. His famous book, Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb, remained a standard textbook even in Europe, for over 700 years. Ibn

Sina's work is still studied and built upon in the East.

Other significant contributions were made in pharmacology, such as Ibn Sina's Kitab al-Shifa' (Book of Healing),

and in public health. Every major city in the Islamic world had a number of excellent hospitals, some of them

teaching hospitals, and many of them were specialized for particular diseases, including mental and emotional. The

Ottomans were particularly noted for their building of hospitals and for the high level of hygiene practiced in them.

Surat Al-Zummar (The Groups) No. 39

Surat Al-Zummar (The Groups) No. 39

In the name of The God (ALLAH) , the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

1. The revelation of this Book is from (The God) ALLAH, the Mighty, the Wise.

2. Surely, it is WE Who have revealed the Book to thee comprising the whole truth, so worship ALLAH, being sincere to HIM in obedience.

3. Remember, it is to ALLAH alone that sincere obedience is due. And those who take as protectors others beside HIM, say, `We serve them only that they may bring us near to ALLAH in station.' Surely, ALLAH will judge between them concerning that wherein they differ. Surely, ALLAH guides not him who is an ungrateful liar.

4. If ALLAH had desired to take to Himself a son, HE could have chosen whom HE pleased out of what HE creates. Holy is HE ! HE is ALLAH, the One, the Most Supreme.

5. HE created the heavens and the earth in accordance with the requirements of wisdom. HE makes the night to cover the day, and HE makes the day to cover the night; and he has pressed the sun and the moon into service; each pursues its course until an appointed time. Remember, it is HE alone Who is the Mighty, the Great Forgiver.

6. HE created you from a single being; then from that HE made its mate; and HE has sent down for you of the cattle eight pairs. HE creates you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, through three stages of darkness. This is ALLAH, your Lord. HIS is the Kingdom. There is no god but HE. Wither then are you being turned away ?

7. If you are ungrateful, surely ALLAH is Self-Sufficient, being independent of you. And HE is not pleased with ingratitude in HIS servants. But if you are grateful, HE likes it in you. And no bearer of burden shall bear the burden of another. Then to your Lord is your return; and HE will inform you of what you have been doing. Surely, HE knows full well all that is hidden in the breasts.

8. And when an affliction befalls man, he calls upon his Lord, turning penitently to HIM. Then, when HE confers upon him a favour from Himself, he forgets what he used to pray for before, and starts assigning rivals to ALLAH, that he may lead people astray from HIS way. Say, `Profit from thy disbelief a little; while in the end thou art, surely, of the inmates of the Fire.'

9. Is he who prays devoutly to ALLAH in the hours of the night, prostrating himself and standing in Prayer and fears the Hereafter and hopes for the mercy of his Lord, like him who is disobedient ? Say, `Are those who know equal to those who know not ?' Verily, only those endowed with understanding will take heed.

10. Say, `O ye MY servants who believe, fear your Lord. There is good for those who do good in this life. And ALLAH's earth is spacious. Verily, the steadfast will have their reward without measure.'

11. Say, `Verily, I am commanded to worship ALLAH with sincere devotion,

12. `And I am commanded to be the foremost of those who submit to HIM.'

13. Say, `Indeed I fear, if I disobey my Lord, the punishment of a grievous day.'

14. Say, `It is ALLAH I worship in sincerest obedience to HIM.

15. `As to you, worship what you like beside HIM.' Say, `Surely, the real losers are they who ruin their souls and their families on the day of Resurrection.' Beware ! that is, surely, the manifest loss.

16. They will have over them coverings of fire, and beneath them similar coverings. It is this against which ALLAH warns HIS servants. `O MY servants, take ME, then, for your Protector.'

17. And those who eschew the worship of false gods and turn to ALLAH - for them is glad tidings. So give good tidings to MY servants.

18. Who listen to the Word and follow the best thereof. It is they whom ALLAH has guided, and it is they who are really endowed with understanding.

19. Can he, then, against whom the sentence of punishment has become due, be saved ? Canst thou rescue him who is in the Fire ?

20. But for them who fear their Lord, there are lofty mansions, built over lofty mansions, beneath which streams flow. ALLAH has made that promise; and ALLAH breaks not HIS promise.

21. Hast thou not seen that ALLAH sends down water from the sky, and causes it to flow in springs in the earth and then brings forth thereby herbage of diverse hues ? Then it dries up and thou seest it turn to yellow; then HE reduces it to broken straw. In that, verily, is a reminder for men of understanding.

22. Is he then whose bosom ALLAH has opened for the acceptance of Islam, so that he possesses a light from his Lord, like him who is grouping in the darkness of disbelief ? Woe, then, to those whose hearts are hardened against the remembrance of ALLAH ! They are in manifest error.

23. ALLAH has sent down the Best Discourse - a Book, whose verses are mutually supporting and repeated in diverse forms. The skins of those, who fear their Lord, do creep at its recital, then their skins and their hearts soften to the remembrance of ALLAH. Such is the guidance of ALLAH. HE guides therewith whom HE pleases. And he whom ALLAH adjudges astray - he shall have no guide.

24. Is he, then, who has only his own face to shield from the evil punishment on the Day of Resurrection, like him who is secure ? And it will be said to the wrongdoers, `Taste ye the recompense of what you used to earn.'

25. Those, who were before them, rejected Our Messengers, so the punishment came upon them whence they knew not.

26. So ALLAH made them taste humiliation in the present life and the punishment of the Hereafter will certainly be greater, if they but knew.

27. And, indeed, WE have set forth for mankind all manner of parables in this Qur'an that they may take heed.

28. WE have revealed the Qur'an in Arabic wherein there is no deviation from rectitude, that they may become righteous.

29. ALLAH sets forth a parable - a man belonging to several partners, who disagree with one another, and a man belonging wholly to one man. Are the two equal in condition ? All praise belongs to ALLAH. But most of them know not.

30. Surely, thou wilt die, and surely, they too, will die.

31. Then, surely, on the day of Resurrection you will dispute with one another before your Lord.

32. Who, then, is more unjust than he who lies against ALLAH and he who rejects the truth when it comes to him ? Is there not in Hell an abode for the disbelievers ?

33. But he who has brought the truth, and he who testifies to it as truth - these it is who are the righteous.

34. They will have with their Lord whatever they desire; that is the reward of those who good.

35. So that ALLAH will remove from them the evil consequences of what they did, and will give them their reward according to the best of their actions.

36. Is not ALLAH sufficient for HIS servant ? And yet they would frighten thee with those beside HIM. And he whom ALLAH leaves in error - for him there is no guide.

37. And him whom ALLAH guides - there is none to lead him astray. Is not ALLAH the Mighty, the Lord of retribution ?

38. And if thou ask them, `Who created the heavens and the earth ?' They will, surely, say, `ALLAH.' Say, `What think ye, if ALLAH intends to do me harm, will those whom you call upon beside ALLAH be able to remove the harm HE may intend ? Or, if HE wills to show me mercy, could they withhold HIS mercy ?' Say, `ALLAH is sufficient for me. In HIM trust those who would trust.'

39. Say, `O my people, act as best as you can; I, too, am acting; soon shall you know,

40. Who it is unto whom comes a punishment that will disgrace him, and on whom there descends an abiding punishment ?'

41. Verily, WE have revealed to thee the Book comprising all truth for the good of mankind. So whoever follows guidance, follows it for the benefit of his own soul; and whoever goes astray, goes astray only to its detriment. And thou art not a guardian over them.

42. ALLAH takes away the souls of men at the time of their death; and of those also that are not yet dead, during their sleep. Then HE withholds those against which HE has decreed death, and sends back the others till an appointed term. In that, surely, are Signs for a people who reflect.

43. Have they taken intercessors beside ALLAH ? Say, `Even if they have no power over anything and no understanding ?

44. Say, `All intercession rests with ALLAH. To HIM belongs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth. And to HIM, then, shall you be brought back.'

45. And when ALLAH alone is mentioned, the hearts of those, who believe not in the Hereafter, shrink with aversion; but when those beside HIM are mentioned, behold ! they begin to rejoice.

46. Say, `O ALLAH ! Originator of the heavens and the earth; Knower of the unseen and the seen; Thou alone wilt judge between Thy servants concerning that in which they differed.'

47. And even if the wrongdoers possessed all that is in the earth, and the like thereof in addition to it, they would, surely, seek to ransom themselves with it to escape from the evil punishment on the Day of Resurrection, but there shall appear unto them from ALLAH that which they had never thought of.

48. And the evil consequences of what they had earned will become apparent to them and that which they used to mock at will encompass them.

49. And when harm touches man, he cries unto US, but when WE bestow on him a favour from US, he says, `This has been given to me on account of my own knowledge.' Nay, it is only a trial; but most of them know not.

50. Those who were before said the same thing, yet all that they earned availed them not.

51. So the evil consequences of what they had earned overtook them; and those who do wrong form among these disbelievers - the evil consequences of what they earned shall overtake them also and they cannot escape.

52. Know they not that ALLAH enlarges the provision for whomsoever HE pleases, and straitens it for whomsoever HE pleases ? Verily, in that are Signs for a people who believe.

53. Say, `O MY servants who have sinned against their souls, despair not of the mercy of ALLAH, surely, ALLAH forgives all sins. Verily, HE is Most forgiving, Ever Merciful;

54. `And turn to your Lord, and submit yourselves to HIM, before there comes unto you the punishment; for then you shall not be helped;

55. And follow the best Teaching that has been revealed to you from your Lord, before the punishment comes upon you suddenly, while you perceive not.'

56. Lest a soul should say, `O woe is me in that I neglected my duty in respect of ALLAH ! Surely, I was among the scoffers.'

57. Or, lest it should say, `If ALLAH had guided me, I should certainly have been among those who fully carry out their duties;

58. Or, lest it should say, when it sees the punishment, `Would that there were for me a return to the world, I would then be among those who do good.'

59. He will be told, `Aye, there came to thee MY Signs, but thou didst treat them as lies, and thou wast arrogant, and thou wast of the disbelievers.'

60. And on the Day of Resurrection, thou wilt see those who lied against ALLAH that their faces shall be overcast with gloom. Is there not in Hell an abode for the proud ?

61. And ALLAH will deliver the righteous from all troubles and will confer success upon them; evil shall not touch them, nor shall they grieve.

62. ALLAH is the creator of all things, and HE is Guardian over all things.

63. TO HIM belong the keys of the heavens and the earth; and as for those who disbelieve in the Signs of ALLAH, these it is who are the losers.

64. Say, `Is it other gods than ALLAH that ye bid me worship, O ignorant ones ?'

65. And, verily it has been revealed to thee as unto those before thee, `If thou associate partners with ALLAH, thy work shall, surely, come to naught and thou shalt certainly be of the losers.'

66. Aye, worship ALLAH and be thou among the grateful.

67. And they have not formed a true concept of the attributes of ALLAH. And the entire earth will be under HIS complete control on the Day of Resurrection, and the heavens rolled up in HIS right hand. Glory be to HIM and exalted is HE above that which they associate with HIM.

68. And the trumpet will be blown, and all who are in the heavens and all who are in the earth will fall down in a swoon, except those whom ALLAH will be pleased to spare. Then it will be blown a second time, and lo ! they will be standing, awaiting judgment.

69. And the earth will shine with the light of her Lord, and the Book will be laid open before them, and the Prophets and the witnesses will be brought, and judgment will be given between them with justice, and they will not be wronged.

70. And every soul will be fully rewarded for what it did. And HE knows well what they do.

71. And those who disbelieve will be driven to Hell in troops until, when they arrive there, its gates will be opened, and its Keepers will say to them, `Did not the Messengers from among yourselves come to you, reciting unto you the Signs of your Lord, and warning you of the meeting of this day of yours ?' They will say, `Yea, but the word of the punishment was bound to be fulfilled in respect of the disbelievers.'

72. It will be said, `Enter ye the gates of Hell, abiding therein. And evil is the abode of the arrogant.'

73. And those, who feared their Lord, will be conducted to Heaven in groups until when they arrive there, its gates will be opened and its Keepers will say to them, `Peace be upon you ! be ye happy, and enter it, abiding therein.'

74. And they will say, `All praise belongs to ALLAH Who has made good to us HIS promise, and has given us the earth to inherit, we shall make our abode in the Garden wherever we please.' How excellent is the reward of the righteous workers !

75. And thou wilt see the angels going round the Throne, glorifying their Lord with HIS praise, and judgment will be given between the people with justice. And it will be said, `All praise belongs to ALLAH, the Lord of the worlds.'

177 REASONS FOR THE HIGH STATUS OF WOMEN IN ISLAM

This is a compilation of all the verses in Quran that refer to "women".

From 002.TheCow

49. And when We delivered you from Firon's people, who subjected you to severe torment, killing your sons and sparing your women, and in this there was a great trial from your Lord.

221. And do not marry the idolatresses until they believe, and certainly a believing maid is better than an idolatress woman, even though she should please you; and do not give (believing women) in marriage to idolaters until they believe, and certainly a believing servant is better than an idolater, even though he should please you; these invite to the fire, and Allah invites to the garden and to forgiveness by His will, and makes clear His communications to men, that they may be mindful.

222. And they ask you about menstruation. Say: It is a discomfort; therefore keep aloof from the women during the menstrual discharge and do not go near them until they have become clean; then when they have cleansed themselves, go in to them as Allah has commanded you; surely Allah loves those who turn much (to Him), and He loves those who purify themselves.

228. And the divorced women should keep themselves in waiting for three courses; and it is not lawful for them that they should conceal what Allah has created in their wombs, if they believe in Allah and the last day; and their husbands have a better right to take them back in the meanwhile if they wish for reconciliation; and they have rights similar to those against them in a just manner, and the men are a degree above them, and Allah is Mighty, Wise.

231. And when you divorce women and they reach their prescribed time, then either retain them in good fellowship or set them free with liberality, and do not retain them for injury, so that you exceed the limits, and whoever does this, he indeed is unjust to his own soul; and do not take Allah's communications for a mockery, and remember the favor of Allah upon you, and that which He has revealed to you of the Book and the Wisdom, admonishing you thereby; and be careful (of your duty to) Allah, and know that Allah is the Knower of all things.

232. And when you have divorced women and they have ended-- their term (of waiting), then do not prevent them from marrying their husbands when they agree among themselves in a lawful manner; with this is admonished he among you who believes in Allah and the last day, this is more profitable and purer for you; and Allah knows while you do not know.

235. And there is no blame on you respecting that which you speak indirectly in the asking of (such) women in marriage or keep (the proposal) concealed within your minds; Allah knows that you win mention them, but do not give them a promise in secret unless you speak in a lawful manner, and do not confirm the marriage tie until the writing is fulfilled, and know that Allah knows what is in your minds, therefore beware of Him, and know that Allah is Forgiving, Forbearing.

236. There is no blame on you if you divorce women when you have not touched them or appointed for them a portion, and make provision for them, the wealthy according to his means and the straitened in circumstances according to his means, a provision according to usage; (this is) a duty on the doers of good (to others).

241. And for the divorced women (too) provision (must be made) according to usage; (this is) a duty on those who guard (against evil).

282. O you who believe! when you deal with each other in contracting a debt for a fixed time, then write it down; and let a scribe write it down between you with fairness; and the scribe should not refuse to write as Allah has taught him, so he should write; and let him who owes the debt dictate, and he should be careful of (his duty to) Allah, his Lord, and not diminish anything from it; but if he who owes the debt is unsound in understanding, or weak, or (if) he is not able to dictate himself, let his guardian dictate with fairness; and call in to witness from among your men two witnesses; but if there are not two men, then one man and two women from among those whom you choose to be witnesses, so that if one of the two errs, the second of the two may remind the other; and the witnesses should not refuse when they are summoned; and be not averse to writing it (whether it is) small or large, with the time of its falling due; this is more equitable in the sight of Allah and assures greater accuracy in testimony, and the nearest (way) that you may not entertain doubts (afterwards), except when it is ready merchandise which you give and take among yourselves from hand to hand, then there is no blame on you in not writing it down; and have witnesses when you barter with one another, and let no harm be done to the scribe or to the witness; and if you do (it) then surely it will be a transgression in you, and be careful of (your duty) to Allah, Allah teaches you, and Allah knows all things.

From 003.TheFamilyofImran:

14. The love of desires, of women and sons and hoarded treasures of gold and silver and well bred horses and cattle and tilth, is made to seem fair to men; this is the provision of the life of this world; and Allah is He with Whom is the good goal (of life).

41. He said: My Lord! appoint a sign for me. Said He: Your sign is that you should not speak to men for three days except by signs; and remember your Lord much and glorify Him in the evening and the morning. f42. And when the angels said: O Marium! surely Allah has chosen you and purified you and chosen you above the women of of the world.

61. But whoever disputes with you in this matter after what has come to you of knowledge, then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our near people and your near people, then let us be earnest in prayer, and pray for the curse of Allah on the liars.

From 004.Women:

O people! be careful of (your duty to) your Lord, Who created you from a single being and created its mate of the same (kind) and spread from these two, many men and women; and be careful of (your duty to) Allah, by Whom you demand one of another (your rights), and (to) the ties of relationship; surely Allah ever watches over you.

And if you fear that you cannot act equitably towards orphans, then marry such women as seem good to you, two and three and four; but if you fear that you will not do justice (between them), then (marry) only one or what your right hands possess; this is more proper, that you may not deviate from the right course.

And give women their dowries as a free gift, but if they of themselves be pleased to give up to you a portion of it, then eat it with enjoyment and with wholesome result.

Men shall have a portion of what the parents and the near relatives leave, and women shall have a portion of what the parents and the near relatives leave, whether there is little or much of it; a stated portion.

And as for those who are guilty of an indecency from among your women, call to witnesses against them four (witnesses) from among you; then if they bear witness confine them to the houses until death takes them away or Allah opens some way for them.

O you who believe! it is not lawful for you that you should take women as heritage against (their) will, and do not straiten them m order that you may take part of what you have given them, unless they are guilty of manifest indecency, and treat them kindly; then if you hate them, it may be that you dislike a thing while Allah has placed abundant good in it.

And all married women except those whom your right hands possess (this is) Allah's ordinance to you, and lawful for you are (all women) besides those, provided that you seek (them) with your property, taking (them) in marriage not committing fornication. Then as to those whom you profit by, give them their dowries as appointed; and there is no blame on you about what you mutually agree after what is appointed; surely Allah is Knowing, Wise.

And whoever among you has not within his power ampleness of means to marry free believing women, then (he may marry) of those whom your right hands possess from among your believing maidens; and Allah knows best your faith: you are (sprung) the one from the other; so marry them with the permission of their masters, and give them their dowries justly, they being chaste, not fornicating, nor receiving paramours; and when they are taken in marriage, then if they are guilty of indecency, they shall suffer half the punishment which is (inflicted) upon free women. This is for him among you who fears falling into evil; and that you abstain is better for you, and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

And do not covet that by which Allah has made some of you excel others; men shall have the benefit of what they earn and women shall have the benefit of what they earn; and ask Allah of His grace; surely Allah knows all things.

Men are the maintainers of women because Allah has made some of them to excel others and because they spend out of their property; the good women are therefore obedient, guarding the unseen as Allah has guarded; and (as to) those on whose part you fear desertion, admonish them, and leave them alone in the sleeping-places and beat them; then if they obey you, do not seek a way against them; surely Allah is High, Great.

O you who believe! do not go near prayer when you are Intoxicated until you know (well) what you say, nor when you are under an obligation to perform a bath-- unless (you are) travelling on the road-- until you have washed yourselves; and if you are sick, or on a journey, or one of you come from the privy or you have touched the women, and you cannot find water, betake yourselves to pure earth, then wipe your faces and your hands; surely Allah is Pardoning, Forgiving.

And what reason have you that you should not fight in the way of Allah and of the weak among the men and the women and the children, (of) those who say: Our Lord! cause us to go forth from this town, whose people are oppressors, and give us from Thee a guardian and give us from Thee a helper.

And they ask you a decision about women. Say: Allah makes known to you His decision concerning them, and that which is recited to you in the Book concerning female orphans whom you do not give what is appointed for them while you desire to marry them, and concerning the weak among children, and that you should deal towards orphans with equity; and whatever good you do, Allah surely knows it.

They ask you for a decision of the law. Say: Allah gives you a decision concerning the person who has neither parents nor offspring; if a man dies (and) he has no son and he has a sister, she shall have half of what he leaves, and he shall be her heir she has no son; but if there be two (sisters), they shall have two-thirds of what he leaves; and if there are brethren, men and women, then the male shall have the like of the portion of two females; Allah makes clear to you, lest you err; and Allah knows all things.

From 005.TheFood:

5. This day (all) the good things are allowed to you; and the food of those who have been given the Book is lawful for you and your food is lawful for them; and the chaste from among the believing women and the chaste from among those who have been given the Book before you (are lawful for you); when you have given them their dowries, taking (them) in marriage, not fornicating nor taking them for paramours in secret; and whoever denies faith, his work indeed is of no account, and in the hereafter he shall be one of the losers.

6. O you who believe! when you rise up to prayer, wash your faces and your hands as far as the elbows, and wipe your heads and your feet to the ankles; and if you are under an obligation to perform a total ablution, then wash (yourselves) and if you are sick or on a journey, or one of you come from the privy, or you have touched the women, and you cannot find water, betake yourselves to pure earth and wipe your faces and your hands therewith, Allah does not desire to put on you any difficulty, but He wishes to purify you and that He may complete His favor on you, so that you may be grateful.

From 007.TheElevatedPlaces:

127. And the chiefs of Firon's people said: Do you leave Musa and his people to make mischief in the land and to forsake you and your gods? He said: We will slay their sons and spare their women, and surely we are masters over them.

141. And when We delivered you from Firon's people who subJected you to severe torment, killing your sons and sparing your women, and in this there was a great trial from your Lord.

From 009.Repentance:

67. The hypocritical men and the hypocritical women are all alike; they enjoin evil and forbid good and withhold their hands; they have forsaken Allah, so He has forsaken them; surely the hypocrites are the transgressors.

68. Allah has promised the hypocritical men and the hypocritical women and the unbelievers the fire of hell to abide therein; it is enough for them; and Allah has cursed them and they shall have lasting punishment.

71. And (as for) the believing men and the believing women, they are guardians of each other; they enjoin good and forbid evil and keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate, and obey Allah and His Apostle; (as for) these, Allah will show mercy to them; surely Allah is Mighty, Wise.

72. Allah has promised to the believing men and the believing women gardens, beneath which rivers flow, to abide in them, and goodly dwellings in gardens of perpetual abode; and best of all is Allah's goodly pleasure; that is the grand achievement.

From 012.Yusuf:

28. So when he saw his shirt rent from behind, he said: Surely it is a guile of you women; surely your guile is great:

30. And women in the city said: The chiefs wife seeks her slave to yield himself (to her), surely he has affected her deeply with (his) love; most surely we see her in manifest error.

50. And the king said: Bring him to me. So when the messenger came to him, he said: Go back to your lord and ask him, what is the case of the women who cut their hands; surely my Lord knows their guile.

From 014.Ibrahim:

6. And when Musa said to his people: Call to mind Allah's favor to you when He delivered you from Firon's people, who subjected you to severe torment, and slew your sons and spared your women; and in this there was a great trial from your Lord.

From 024.TheLight

4. And those who accuse free women then do not bring four witnesses, flog them, (giving) eighty stripes, and do not admit any evidence from them ever; and these it is that are the transgressors,

12. Why did not the believing men and the believing women, when you heard it, think well of their own people, and say: This is an evident falsehood?

23. Surely those who accuse chaste believing women, unaware (of the evil), are cursed in this world and the hereafter, and they shall have a grievous chastisement.

26. Bad women are for bad men and bad men are for bad women. Good women are for good men and good men are for good women

31. And say to the believing women that they cast down their looks and guard their private parts and do not display their ornaments except what appears thereof, and let them wear their head-coverings over their bosoms, and not display their ornaments except to their husbands or their fathers, or the fathers of their husbands, or their sons, or the sons of their husbands, or their brothers, or their brothers' sons, or their sisters' sons, or their women, or those whom their right hands possess, or the male servants not having need (of women), or the children who have not attained knowledge of what is hidden of women; and let them not strike their feet so that what they hide of their ornaments may be known; and turn to Allah all of you, O believers! so that you may be successful.

60. And (as for) women advanced in years who do not hope for a marriage, it is no sin for them if they put off their clothes without displaying their ornaments; and if they restrain themselves it is better for them; and Allah is Hearing, Knowing.

From 027.TheAnt:

55. What! do you indeed approach men lustfully rather than women? Nay, you are a people who act ignorantly.

From 028.TheNarrative:

4. Surely Firon exalted himself in the land and made its people into parties, weakening one party from among them; he slaughtered their sons and let their women live; surely he was one of the mischiefmakers.

23. And when he came to the water of Madyan, he found on it a group of men watering, and he found besides them two women keeping back (their flocks). He said: What is the matter with you? They said: We cannot water until the shepherds take away (their sheep) from the water, and our father is a very old man.

25. Then one of the two women came to him walking bashfully. She said: My father invites you that he may give you the reward of your having watered for us. So when he came to him and gave to him the account, he said: Fear not, you are secure from the unjust people.

From 003.TheAllies:

32. O wives of the Prophet! you are not like any other of the women; If you will be on your guard, then be not soft in (your) speech, lest he in whose heart is a disease yearn; and speak a good word.

35. Surely the men who submit and the women who submit, and the believing men and the believing women, and the obeying men and the obeying women, and the truthful men and the truthful women, and the patient men and the patient women and the humble men and the humble women, and the almsgiving men and the almsgiving women, and the fasting men and the fasting women, and the men who guard their private parts and the women who guard, and the men who remember Allah much and the women who remember-- Allah has prepared for them forgiveness and a mighty reward.

49. O you who believe! when you marry the believing women, then divorce them before you touch them, you have in their case no term which you should reckon; so make some provision for them and send them forth a goodly sending forth.

52. It is not allowed to you to take women afterwards, nor that you should change them for other wives, though their beauty be pleasing to you, except what your right hand possesses and Allah is Watchful over all things.

55. There is no blame on them in respect of their fathers, nor their brothers, nor their brothers' sons, nor their sisters' sons nor their own women, nor of what their right hands possess; and be careful of (your duty to) Allah; surely Allah is a witness of all things.

58. And those who speak evil things of the believing men and the believing women without their having earned (it), they are guilty indeed of a false accusation and a manifest sin.

59. O Prophet! say to your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers that they let down upon them their over-garments; this will be more proper, that they may be known, and thus they will not be given trouble; and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

73. So Allah will chastise the hypocritical men and the hypocritical women and the polytheistic men and the polytheistic women, and Allah will turn (mercifully) to the believing women, and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

From 040.TheBeliever:

25. So when he brought to them the truth from Us, they said: Slay the sons of those who believe with him and keep their women alive; and the struggle of the unbelievers will only come to a state of perdition.

From 047.Muhammad:

19. So know that there is no god but Allah, and, ask protection for your fault and for the believing men and the believing women; and Allah knows the place of your returning and the place of your abiding.

From 048.TheVictory:

5. That He may cause the believing men and the believing women to enter gardens beneath which rivers flow to abide therein and remove from them their evil; and that is a grand achievement with Allah

6. And (that) He may punish the hypocritical men and the hypocritical women, and the polytheistic men and the polytheistic women, the entertainers of evil thoughts about Allah. On them is the evil turn, and Allah is wroth with them and has cursed them and prepared hell for them, and evil is the resort.

25. It is they who disbelieved and turned you away from the Sacred Mosque and (turned off) the offering withheld from arriving at its destined place; and were it not for the believing men and the believing women, whom, not having known, you might have trodden down, and thus something hateful might have afflicted you on their account without knowledge-- so that Allah may cause to enter into His mercy whomsoever He pleases; had they been widely separated one from another, We would surely have punished those who disbelieved from among them with a painful punishment.

From 057.TheIron:

12. On that day you will see the faithful men and the faithful women-- their light running before them and on their right hand-- good news for you today: gardens beneath which rivers flow, to abide therein, that is the grand achievement.

13. On the day when the hypocritical men and the hypocritical women will say to those who believe: Wait for us, that we may have light from your light; it shall be said: Turn back and seek a light. Then separation would be brought about between them, with a wall having a door in it; (as for) the inside of it, there shall be mercy in it, and (as for) the outside of it, before it there shall be punishment.

18. Surely (as for) the charitable men and the charitable women and (those who) set apart for Allah a goodly portion, it shall be doubled for them and they shall have a noble reward.

From 060.TheExaminedOne:

10. O you who believe! when believing women come to you flying, then examine them; Allah knows best their faith; then if you find them to be believing women, do not send them back to the unbelievers, neither are these (women) lawful for them, nor are those (men) lawful for them, and give them what they have spent; and no blame attaches to you in marrying them when you give them their dowries; and hold not to the ties of marriage of unbelieving women, and ask for what you have spent, and kt them ask for what they have spent. That is Allah's judgment; He judges between you, and Allah is Knowing, Wise.

12. O Prophet! when believing women come to you giving you a pledge that they will not associate aught with Allah, and will not steal, and will not commit fornication, and will not kill their children, and will not bring a calumny which they have forged of themselves, and will not disobey you in what is good, accept their pledge, and ask forgiveness for them from Allah; surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

From 065.TheDivorce:

O Prophet! when you divorce women, divorce them for~ their prescribed time, and calculate the number of the days prescribed, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah, your Lord. Do not drive them out of their houses, nor should they themselves go forth, unless they commit an open indecency; and these are the limits of Allah, and whoever goes beyond the limits of Allah, he indeed does injustice to his own soul. You do not know that Allah may after that bring about reunion.

· And (as for) those of your women who have despaired of menstruation, if you have a doubt, their prescribed time shall be three months, and of those too who have not had their courses; and (as for) the pregnant women, their prescribed time is that they lay down their burden; and whoever is careful of (his duty to) Allah He will make easy for him his affair.

From 071.Nuh:

28. My Lord! forgive me and my parents and him who enters my house believing, and the believing men and the believing women; and do not increase the unjust in aught but destruction!

From 085.TheMansionsOfTheStars:

10. Surely (as for) those who persecute the believing men and the believing women, then do not repent, they shall have the chastisement of hell, and they shall have the chastisement of burning.